The Basics:
Atomic Number: 31
Atomic Mass: 69.723
Number of Protons: 31
Number of Electrons: 31
Most Common Naturally Occurring Isotope: 69Ga
Number of Neutrons in Most Common Isotope: 38
State of Matter at Room Temperature: Solid
Melting Point: 29.76 °C/302.91 K
Boiling Point: 2200 °C/2473 K
Density: 5.907 g/cm3
Abundance: 19 parts per million by weight/5.5 parts per million by moles
Other elements that Gallium reacts with: Plutonium, Nitrogen, Silicon and Arsenic
Compounds: Gallium nitride (GaN), Gallium arsenide (GaAs) No Lewis Dot Stucture -1
Indept:
Gallium was first predicted in 1871 by Mendeleev. However, it was truly discovered in 1875 by Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran using a spectroscope. He then took it from zinc blende ore, as it does not occur naturally. It names comes from the word Gallia meaning France in Latin. It is in the Transition Metal family categorized by unfilled D shells. Gallium is used mainly in lighting and LEDs, it can also be used to make mirrors.
Gallium has 3 important uses. Firstly because it melts at such a low temperature it can be used in combination with other metals with to create thermometers which are less toxic than the regular mercury. Second, it has applications in creating super accurate mirrors and creating reflective coats for materials. Third and finally it is used in lighting. It is the one of the main ingredients in the creation of LEDs. Gallium Arsenide for example can directly convert electricity into visible light and Gallium nitride produces a blue light when heated. On a final interesting side note, Gallium when placed on some metals, diffuses into it and weakens the metal by diffusing its bonds, such a metal is aluminum
By Matt Rose
The Basics:
Atomic Number: 31
Atomic Mass: 69.723
Number of Protons: 31
Number of Electrons: 31
Most Common Naturally Occurring Isotope: 69Ga
Number of Neutrons in Most Common Isotope: 38
State of Matter at Room Temperature: Solid
Melting Point: 29.76 °C/302.91 K
Boiling Point: 2200 °C/2473 K
Density: 5.907 g/cm3
Abundance: 19 parts per million by weight/5.5 parts per million by moles
Other elements that Gallium reacts with: Plutonium, Nitrogen, Silicon and Arsenic
Compounds: Gallium nitride (GaN), Gallium arsenide (GaAs)
No Lewis Dot Stucture -1
Indept:
Gallium was first predicted in 1871 by Mendeleev. However, it was truly discovered in 1875 by Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran using a spectroscope. He then took it from zinc blende ore, as it does not occur naturally. It names comes from the word Gallia meaning France in Latin. It is in the Transition Metal family categorized by unfilled D shells. Gallium is used mainly in lighting and LEDs, it can also be used to make mirrors.
Gallium has 3 important uses. Firstly because it melts at such a low temperature it can be used in combination with other metals with to create thermometers which are less toxic than the regular mercury. Second, it has applications in creating super accurate mirrors and creating reflective coats for materials. Third and finally it is used in lighting. It is the one of the main ingredients in the creation of LEDs. Gallium Arsenide for example can directly convert electricity into visible light and Gallium nitride produces a blue light when heated. On a final interesting side note, Gallium when placed on some metals, diffuses into it and weakens the metal by diffusing its bonds, such a metal is aluminum
Resources:
http://www.webelements.com/gallium/
http://www.chemicool.com/elements/gallium.html